译文：至于第三个因素，科学史中有许多事例表明，权威的力量起到这样一种作用：它给进一步的研究设置了一道极其牢固的障碍；在许多情况下，要花上几个世纪的时间才能最终打破这道障碍。例如，在宇宙学中就发生过这样的事。

　　2. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　第一层：Behaviorists主suggest谓that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his宾语从句or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　第二层：（宾语从句）that引the child主who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity定语从句for appropriate responses will experience谓greater intellectual定development. 宾。

　　第三层：（定语从句）who引is raised谓in an environment状where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for ap定语从句propriate responses.

　　第四层：（定语从句）where引there引are系many定stimuli主which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses定语从句。

　　第五层：（定语从句）which引develop谓his or her定capacity宾for appropriate定responses.

　　要点：根据上下文的逻辑关系可以看出，本句中suggest的词义不是propose，而是bring an idea into the mind，所以翻译为…的看法是。who引导的定语从句修饰child，根据上下文的语义关系，翻译成条件句；where引导的定语从句修饰 environment，用合译法译出；which引导的从句修饰stimuli，用分译法进行翻译。appropriate：适合的，相称的。

　　译文：行为主义者的看法是，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激因素的环境里长大，而这些刺激因素能够开发其相应的反映能力，那么这个儿童将会有更好的智力发展。

【上一页】