功能举例题
    
    这几乎可以说是考研专属的题型，四级和六级从来不会考到，因此同学在备考的时候要引起足够的重视，每年都稳定在3个题目左右。它的核心在于考查文中提出到某个例子是何作用和功能。在题干中常常会看这样的词汇：提到，mention, note, cite, 例子，example, case,作用，demonstrate, illustrate, justify, argue, make the point, talk about等。
    
    这个题型的重点在知道功能和作用是源于例子，高于例子，例子本身的内容并不重要，因此，例子内部的细节如果在选项中出现，往往是我们首先排除的选项，重要的是要找到这个例子的点题句，答案往往就是它或是它的同义转化。
    
    （07-01-21）The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to
    
    [A] stress the importance of professional training.
    
    [B] spotlight the soccer superstars at the World Cup.
    
    [C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.
    
    [D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.
    
    Mention表明这是功能题。定位就是以soccer，birthday这个词进行定位。因为是第一题，肯定是在前面。
    
    If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the late months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.
    
    What might account for this strange phenomenon？ Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.
    
    可以看出，文章的整个第一段都是在讨论有关足球的事情。说明这一整段都是例子本身，都不是要我们关注的内容。
    
    对比一下选项，可以发现，A，B，D中都是第一段细节的重现，professional training, World Cup, soccer等都是细节，直接排除，得到答案C。
    
    态度倾向题
    
    这是个小题型，每年都是一题或是不考，但备考过程中也需要准备。它考查就是作者或是文章中的人物对于主题或某事物的态度和倾向，因此，寻找能表明态度的感情色彩词是最为重要的。如果是个全文的态度题，那么我们需要考查的就是全文各段的段首，感情色彩词往往是以动词、形容词和副词居多。
    
    （07-02-30）What is the author’s attitude towards IQ test?
    
    [A] Supportive    [B] Skeptical    [C] Impartial    [D] Biased
    
    这是全文态度题，查看各段首句，重点查找感情色彩词。
    
    第一段是引入话题，可以跳过。
    
    第二段首句：Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. 可以看出作者并不是完全赞同IQ测试，clearly这个词明显表明了作者的态度，排除A。
    
    第三段的首句：The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. 说明作者认为测试手段还是会用到IQ。
    
    第四段话锋一转，such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg.其中主干谓语是may not assess all, 直接就表明作者认为这种测试并不是万能的，对其测试结果有一定的怀疑。C和D与原文不符，所以答案为B。
    

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